• The importance of FXR FGF signaling in BA homeostasis

  2022-04-12

  

  The importance of FXR-FGF15/19 signaling in BA homeostasis is illustrated by various BA malabsorption syndromes. Clinically, BA malabsorption causes diarrhea due to high BA concentrations in the colon that lead to secretion of water and electrolytes and stimulation of propulsive contractions [36]. P

• Selection of the month br

  2022-04-12

  

  Selection of the month Fibrosis Liver protection device Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Genetic metabolic liver disease Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection Cirrhosis Regeneration Introduction Upon catalysis by hepatic and bacterial enzymes, c

• In this study we find that DH

  2022-04-12

  

  In this study, we find that DH-CBD induces analgesic effects on inflammatory but not acute pain and the Tideglusib level of spinal α1 GlyRs increased after CFA paw injection. These results suggest that GlyR α1 is only involved in chronic pain. A possible explanation is that once the expression of α1

• br Methods br Results and discussion Protein

  2022-04-12

  

  Methods Results and discussion Protein analysis of commonly used cell lines (C6, D54-MG, U87, U251 and STTG1) reveals high 94 8 sale of SXC (Cho and Bannai, 1990, Ye et al., 1999, de Groot et al., 2005, Lyons et al., 2007, Savaskan et al., 2008). Since protein expression can be altered over t

• protein kinase inhibitor br Materials and methods Rat forebr

  2022-04-12

  

  Materials and methods Rat forebrains were obtained from Sprague–Dawley rats at 2, 7, 14, 21, and 30–35 postnatal days and were homogenized in 1:5 volumes (w/v) of 0.32 M sucrose containing 1 mM EGTA, 1 mM EDTA, 1 μg/ml TPCK, 50 μM leupeptin, and 3 μM antipain with 10 strokes in a glass-teflon ho

• In conclusion atorvastatin but not pravastatin impaired gluc

  2022-04-12

  

  In conclusion, atorvastatin but not pravastatin impaired glucose utilization in C2C12 cells and glucose tolerance in HFD mice, which may be partly due to the inhibition of GLUT4 translocation in muscle cells. The decrease in the cholesterol level induced by atorvastatin may partly account for the in

• Here we used chemogenetic modulation

  2022-04-12

  

  Here, we used chemogenetic modulation of MBH GHSR neurons to address the role of the endogenous ghrelin system in the normal, hyperphagic response to a short-term fast. Studies demonstrating the requirement of an intact ghrelin-GHSR system for the rebound food intake following fasting have been inco

• br Disclosure br Ghrelin System The existence of the ghrelin

  2022-04-12

  

  Disclosure Ghrelin System The existence of the ghrelin system has been demonstrated in many species through a variety of biochemical, anatomical, and genetic studies. It is a complex and intricate regulatory system comprised of several peptides, including mature ghrelin and its derivative des-

• Yes mutations have been linked to two main

  2022-04-12

  

  Yes, mutations have been linked to two main types of disorder in humans. Several autosomal dominant mutations, some of which have been characterized and lead to increased PIEZO1 signaling, are associated with dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis (DHS). DHS is characterized by osmotically-driven d

• In order to test whether the

  2022-04-12

  

  In order to test whether the enhanced hyperpolarization in the presence of increasing amounts of extracellular Ca2+ could be due to an ionophore effect of NS309, red cell uptake of 45Ca and partition of 45Ca into a water/n-octanol phase +/−100 μM NS309 were determined. However, no indication of iono

• The expression and localization of Cx

  2022-04-12

  

  The expression and localization of Cx43, Cx46 and Cx50 in the anterior pituitary vary with physiological activities and with various conditions associated with both natural and pathological changes in hormone secretion. Anterior pituitary Cx43 and Cx50 levels increase and exhibit a more widespread d

• So far several methods have been used

  2022-04-12

  

  So far, several methods have been used to monitor the level of GJC and its regulation in astrocytes studied in acute r78 slices (see Giaume et al., 2012). This mainly includes approaches based either on electrophysiological properties of gap junction channels or on “dye coupling” experiments that c

• On the other hand histone deacetylase

  2022-04-12

  

  On the other hand, histone deacetylase inhibitors can accelerate inflammation resolution by promoting the externalization of AnxA1, a main ALX/FPR2 agonist, with concomitant inhibition of cytokine gene expression in mouse macrophages [30]. Thus, our present results provide an additional mechanism, i

• Akt mTOR signaling pathway is a major negative

  2022-04-12

  

  Akt/mTOR signaling pathway is a major negative regulator of autophagy, via modulating ULK1 complex. It is well established that Inhibition of mTOR by deprivation of nutrients or growth factors, led to dephosphorylation of ULK1, ULK2, and Atg13 in human cells, which is a key step for ULK1 complex ass

• Compounds were tested for GPR activity in a functional

  2022-04-12

  

  Compounds , were tested for GPR40 activity in a functional assay monitoring calcium flux in CHO HG-9-91-01 receptor transiently transfected with human GPR40 gene. As shown in , compound was found to be a nanomolar GPR40 agonist, while compound was much less potent than . To explore the structure

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